Complete denial:” Wellington’s unique and unresolved transport problems
December 29, 20140 comments
by Brent Efford
Many Wellington citizens are concerned about combatting the ‘roads of national significance’, adapting to a post-carbon future, and providing a real transport choice for car commuters.
Just because it has at last undergone a long-overdue renewal of its rolling stock, the Regional Council likes to kid Wellingtonians that our urban rail transit system is now “world class”. It isn’t – in fact our railway fails to be a real transport choice for most because it lacks that most essential of attributes: continuous rail services which traverse the dense CBD. This deficiency, and the lack of any intention to fix it, is internationally almost unique, and leads to rail use being about half of what it could be.
Whatever its political form, “Wellington” is functionally a metropolis of nearly half a million, very highly focussed on its CBD (c 50% of regional employment, and most other travel-generating activities). Some 75% of the population lives north of the Railway Station and when they choose to drive (the incentives for which increase enormously due to the ‘roads of national significance’ programme) they cause the congestion which is the excuse for further road building, flyovers, tunnels etc – and the consequent under-investment in providing real (sustainable) transport choices.
(Greater) Wellington is one of the most constrained and ‘channelled’ metropolitan areas in the world: a CBD in a strip around a single designated main street (the Golden Mile), bounded by hills and harbour, only about 5 blocks wide and 2 km long. The CBD is very dense – not quite ‘Hong Kong’, but certainly in western terms and proportional to the overall metro density, and the site of the metro area’s fastest-growing residential area.
This extraordinary CBD is connected to its hinterland by an equally extraordinary single corridor for both private and public transport only about 100m wide. This bifurcates into only two corridors with parallel motorway and rail routes for the remainder of the metropolis and land transport beyond. This situation is a product of unalterable geography and won’t change; only the density of the feeds into the transport spine will change – forecast to be up (in the case of road) and down (in the case of rail) after the RONS projects are completed.
There are also important traffic centres on the other (south) side of the CBD: regional hospital, the airport (in most cities the airport is the target destination for rail transit) and growing employment and residential areas.
I don’t know of ANY metropolis in the world which has similar constraints and geographical circumstances. Certainly I know of no other with such propitious circumstances for the development of unbroken electric rail as its PT spine and indeed this has been a recurrent aim for 135 years (vide my ‘Rail penetration of the Wellington CBD: the search for Solutions’ conference presentation).
Bizarrely, despite the above, Wellington is also one of the most motorised metro areas. First in the world for motorway length per resident, and third for the provision of CBD parking, according to Prof Peter Newman. Yet the policy makers are insistent on increasing both motor metrics, while leaving the reach of rail unchanged. This is the nub of the issue.
Wellington is also the only metropolis that I know of with a rail transit system which doesn’t penetrate its CBD and officially regards this as an acceptable permanent state of affairs. We all know about the political support and priority which is being given to overcoming Auckland’s identical issue in contrast to complete denial in Wellington.
Brent Efford has a background of over 30 years of (mainly, light) rail advocacy, including being a co-author of the 1992 seminal Superlink report, a Winston Churchill Fellowship and other overseas study tours and conferences and currently being closely in touch with multiple overseas light rail advocates and other sources, producing an emailed newsletter KiwiTram and being both the NZ Agent of the Light Rail Transit Association and Information Officer of Trams-Action (the remnant of Transport 2000 which produced Superlink etc.)
